微服务CI/CD实践之GitOps完整设计与实现的方法教程

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单应用与环境

多应用与环境

CI持续集

成首先准备一个代码库：https://github.com/DevOpsCICDCourse/microservicescicd/blob/main/microservice-demo-service-master.zip

我们来梳理一下CI流水线的步骤：

由于此次实现的代码仓库类型为单一存储库，即一个存储库存放多个服务模块代码，每个子目录为一个服务模块。
首先，我们的持续集成流水线需要能够正确获取，当前的commit是哪个服务的代码。
确定好服务，然后下载该服务的代码，进行编译打包、单元测试、代码扫描和构建镜像等步骤。

如何获取commit的服务信息?这里我们使用GitLab WebHook功能和Jenkins 的job 构建触发器对接来实现。

工作流程是：当我在Gitlab提交了代码，会通过GitLab webhook 触发Jenkins Scheduler 作业，会将此次提交代码所产生的hook data数据信息以POST的方式传给Jenkins Job。此时Jenkins job可以编写使用Generic Hook插件获取此次POST请求传输过来的请求体Body信息。是一段JSON数据，该job运行后编写Pipeline 解析JSON中的数据拿到所变更的服务模块信息。最后触发对应服务的CI作业进行构建。

CI-Scheduler 作业

此作业只需要开启webhook，配置触发token(唯一性)。生成hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CI

Jenkinsfile

pipeline {  agent any    stages{    stage("GetData"){    steps{     script {      echo "${webHookData}"       data = readJSON  text: "${webHookData}"       println(data)       env.branchName = data.ref - "refs/heads/"      env.commitId = data.checkout_sha      env.projectId = data.project_id      commits = data["commits"]       println("${env.branchName}")      println("${env.commitID}")      println("${env.projectId}")       //env.moduleName = "service01"      changeServices = []                     for(commit in commits) {                         println(commit.id)                          //added                         for (add in commit.added) {                             s = add.split("/") as List                             if (s.size() > 1){                                 if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){                                     changeServices.add(s[0])                                 }                             }                         }                          //modified                         for (m in commit.modified) {                             s = m.split("/") as List                             // println s                             // println s.size()                             // println s[0]                             if (s.size() > 1){                                 // println changeServices.indexOf(s[0])                                 if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){                                     changeServices.add(s[0])                                 }                             }                         }                          //removed                         for (r in commit.removed) {                             s = r.split("/") as List                             println s                             if (s.size() > 1){                                 if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){                                     changeServices.add(s[0])                                 }                             }                         }                     }                      println(changeServices)                     //currentBuild.description = " Trigger by  ${eventType} ${changeServices}      }    }   }    stage('DefineService') {             steps {                 script{                     println(changeServices)                     //服务构建顺序控制                     services = ['service02', 'service01']                     for (service in services){                         if (changeServices.indexOf(service) != -1){                             jobName = 'microservicecicd-'+service+'-service-CI'                             build job: jobName, wait: false,  parameters: [string(name: 'branchName', value: "${env.branchName}" ),                                                                            string(name: 'commitId',   value: "${env.commitId}" ),                                                                             string(name: 'projectId',  value: "${env.projectId}" )]                         }                     }                 }             }         }  } }

GitLab 配置WebHook

开启webhook，配置hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CI

CI流水线-CI作业

每个微服务创建一个CI作业，具有三个字符串参数：分支名称、commitID、项目ID。

Jenkinsfile

String branchName = "${env.branchName}" String moduleName = "${JOB_NAME}".split("/")[1].split("-")[1] String srcUrl = "http://gitlab.idevops.site/microservicecicd/microservicecicd-demo-service.git" String commitId = "${env.commitId}" String projectId = "${env.projectId}"  pipeline {     agent { node { label "build" } }      stages {         stage('GetCode') {             steps {                 script {                     checkout([$class: 'GitSCM',                              branches: [[name: "${branchName}"]],                              doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false,                             extensions: [[$class: 'SparseCheckoutPaths',                                          sparseCheckoutPaths: [[path: "${moduleName}"],[path: 'Dockerfile']]]],                              submoduleCfg: [],                              userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: 'gitlab-admin-user',                                                 url: "${srcUrl}"]]])                 }                              }         }          stage("Build&Test"){             steps{                 script{                     echo "Build..........."                      sh """                     cd ${moduleName}                      mvn clean package                      """                 }             }             post {                 always {                     junit "${moduleName}/target/surefire-reports/*.xml"                 }             }         }          stage("SonarScan"){             steps{                 script{                      def sonarDate = sh returnStdout: true, script: 'date  +%Y%m%d%H%M%S'                     sonarDate = sonarDate - "\n"                      withCredentials([string(credentialsId: 'sonar-admin-user', variable: 'sonartoken'),                                     string(credentialsId: 'gitlab-user-token', variable: 'gitlabtoken')]) {                         // some block                         sh """                         cd ${moduleName}                          sonar-scanner \                         -Dsonar.projectKey=${JOB_NAME} \                         -Dsonar.projectName=${JOB_NAME} \                         -Dsonar.projectVersion=${sonarDate} \                         -Dsonar.ws.timeout=30 \                         -Dsonar.projectDescription="xxxxxxx" \                         -Dsonar.links.homepage=http://www.baidu.com \                         -Dsonar.sources=src \                         -Dsonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8 \                         -Dsonar.java.binaries=target/classes \                         -Dsonar.java.test.binaries=target/test-classes \                         -Dsonar.java.surefire.report=target/surefire-reports \                         -Dsonar.host.url="http://sonar.idevops.site" \                         -Dsonar.login=${sonartoken} \                         -Dsonar.gitlab.commit_sha=${commitId} \                         -Dsonar.gitlab.ref_name=${branchName} \                         -Dsonar.gitlab.project_id=${projectId} \                         -Dsonar.dynamicAnalysis=reuseReports \                         -Dsonar.gitlab.failure_notification_mode=commit-status \                         -Dsonar.gitlab.url=http://gitlab.idevops.site \                         -Dsonar.gitlab.user_token=${gitlabtoken} \                         -Dsonar.gitlab.api_version=v4                          """                      }                   }             }         }          stage("BuildImage"){             steps{                 script{                       withCredentials([usernamePassword(credentialsId: 'aliyun-registry-admin', passwordVariable: 'password', usernameVariable: 'username')]) {                                           env.nowDate = sh  returnStdout: true, script: 'date  +%Y%m%d%H%M%S'                          env.nowDate = env.nowDate - "\n"                           env.releaseVersion = "${env.branchName}"                          env.imageTag = "${releaseVersion}-${nowDate}-${commitId}"                          env.dockerImage = "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/microservicecicd/microservicecicd-${moduleName}-service:${env.imageTag}"                          env.jarName = "${moduleName}-${branchName}-${commitId}"                          sh """                              docker login -u ${username} -p ${password}  registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com                              cd ${moduleName} && docker build -t ${dockerImage} -f ../Dockerfile --build-arg SERVICE_NAME=${jarName} .                              sleep 1                              docker push ${dockerImage}                              sleep 1                              docker rmi ${dockerImage}                           """                     }                   }             }         }               } }

GitOps-CI扩展部分

在原始CI作业的步骤基础上，增加了一个更新环境的步骤。GitOps实践会将当前的基础环境部署文件存放到一个Git仓库中。我们的CI作业在完成镜像上传后，同时更新环境部署文件中的镜像标签信息。(所以我们需要先获取该环境文件并更新上传)

stage("PushFile"){           // when {           //   expression { "${env.branchName}".contains("RELEASE-") }           // }           steps{             script{               if ("${env.branchName}".contains("RELEASE-")){                 println("branchName = branchName")                 env.branchName = "master"                } else {                 env.branchName = "feature"               }                  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {                     //下载版本库文件                      response = GetRepoFile(40,"${moduleName}%2fvalues.yaml", "${env.branchName}")                     //println(response)                                          //替换文件中内容                     yamlData = readYaml text: """${response}"""                      println(yamlData.image.version)                     println(yamlData.image.commit)                     yamlData.image.version = "${releaseVersion}-${env.nowDate}"                     yamlData.image.commit  = "${commitId}"                      println(yamlData.toString())                      sh "rm -fr test.yaml"                     writeYaml charset: 'UTF-8', data: yamlData, file: 'test.yaml'                     newYaml = sh returnStdout: true, script: 'cat test.yaml'                                          println(newYaml)                     //更新gitlab文件内容                     base64Content = newYaml.bytes.encodeBase64().toString()                      // 会有并行问题，同时更新报错                     try {                       UpdateRepoFile(40,"${moduleName}%2fvalues.yaml",base64Content, "${env.branchName}")                       break;                     } catch(e){                       sh "sleep 2"                       continue;                     }                 }             }           }         }           //封装HTTP请求 def HttpReq(reqType,reqUrl,reqBody){     def gitServer = "http://gitlab.idevops.site/api/v4"     withCredentials([string(credentialsId: 'gitlab-token', variable: 'gitlabToken')]) {       result = httpRequest customHeaders: [[maskValue: true, name: 'PRIVATE-TOKEN', value: "${gitlabToken}"]],                  httpMode: reqType,                  contentType: "APPLICATION_JSON",                 consoleLogResponseBody: true,                 ignoreSslErrors: true,                  requestBody: reqBody,                 url: "${gitServer}/${reqUrl}"                 //quiet: true     }     return result }   //获取文件内容 def GetRepoFile(projectId,filePath,branchName){     apiUrl = "projects/${projectId}/repository/files/${filePath}/raw?ref=${branchName}"     response = HttpReq('GET',apiUrl,'')     return response.content }  //更新文件内容 def UpdateRepoFile(projectId,filePath,fileContent, branchName){     apiUrl = "projects/${projectId}/repository/files/${filePath}"     reqBody = """{"branch": "${branchName}","encoding":"base64", "content": "${fileContent}", "commit_message": "update a new file"}"""     response = HttpReq('PUT',apiUrl,reqBody)     println(response)  }

images

GitOps-CD部分

CD-Scheduler作业

此作业其实也是接收GitLab的webhook请求，与CI-scheduler作业类似。不同的是这个CD-scheduler作业是用来接收环境仓库的代码变更。开启webhook，配置触发token。生成hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CD

Jenkinsfile

pipeline {     agent any      stages {         stage('GetCommitService') {             steps {                 script{                     echo 'Hello World'                     echo "${WebHookData}"                                          // Git Info                     webhookdata = readJSON text: """${WebHookData}"""                     eventType = webhookdata["object_kind"]                     commits = webhookdata["commits"]                     branchName = webhookdata["ref"] - "refs/heads/"                     projectID = webhookdata["project_id"]                     commitID = webhookdata["checkout_sha"]                       changeServices = []                     for(commit in commits) {                         println(commit.id)                          //added                         for (add in commit.added) {                             s = add.split("/") as List                             if (s.size() > 1){                                 if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){                                     changeServices.add(s[0])                                 }                             }                         }                          //modified                         for (m in commit.modified) {                             s = m.split("/") as List                             // println s                             // println s.size()                             // println s[0]                             if (s.size() > 1){                                 // println changeServices.indexOf(s[0])                                 if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){                                     changeServices.add(s[0])                                 }                             }                         }                          //removed                         for (r in commit.removed) {                             s = r.split("/") as List                             println s                             if (s.size() > 1){                                 if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){                                     changeServices.add(s[0])                                 }                             }                         }                     }                      println(changeServices)                     currentBuild.description = " Trigger by  ${eventType} ${changeServices} "                 }             }         }          stage('DefineService') {             steps {                 script{                     println(changeServices)                     //服务构建顺序控制                     services = ['service02', 'service01']                     for (service in services){                         if (changeServices.indexOf(service) != -1){                             jobName = 'microservicecicd-'+service+'-service-CD'                             build job: jobName, wait: false,  parameters: [string(name: 'branchName', value: "${branchName}" )]                         }                     }                 }             }         }     } }

环境库配置webhook

开启webhook，配置hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CD

CD流水线-CD作业

Jenkinsfile

String serviceName ="${JOB_NAME}".split("-")[1] String nameSpace = "${JOB_NAME}".split("-")[0].split("/")[-1]   //pipeline pipeline{     agent { node { label "k8s"}}          stages{         stage("GetCode"){             steps{                 script{                     println("${branchName}")                     println("${env.branchName}".contains("RELEASE-"))                     println "获取代码"                     checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: "${env.branchName}"]],                                        doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false,                                        extensions: [[$class: 'SparseCheckoutPaths',                                                      sparseCheckoutPaths: [[path: "${serviceName}"]]]],                                        submoduleCfg: [],                                        userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: 'gitlab-admin-user', url: "http://gitlab.idevops.site/microservicecicd/microservicecicd-env.git"]]])                 }             }         }          stage("HelmDeploy"){             steps{                 script{                   sh """                       kubectl create ns "${nameSpace}-uat"  || echo false                        helm install "${serviceName}" --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat" ./"${serviceName}" ||  helm upgrade "${serviceName}" --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat" ./"${serviceName}"                        helm list --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat"                       helm history "${serviceName}" --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat"                    """                 }             }         }     } }

微服务CI/CD实践之GitOps完整设计与实现的方法教程

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