ManagementClass类解析和C#如何获取硬件的相关信息
在.NET的项目中，有时候需要获取计算机的硬件的相关信息，在C#语言中需要利用ManagementClass这个类来进行相关操作。
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现在先来介绍一下ManagementClass类，首先看一下类的继承结构：
现在看一下MSDN对ManagementClass类的解释，对表示一个通用信息模型 (CIM) 管理类。 管理类是 WMI 类，如 Win32_LogicalDisk, ，该类型可表示一个磁盘驱动器，并 Win32_Process, ，它表示的进程 Notepad.exe 等。 此类的成员可以访问 WMI 数据，使用一个特定的 WMI 类路径。
一. 接下来我们来看一下ManagementClass类中一些较为常用的方法的源码：
1.GetInstances（）：此方法存在四个重载
下面提供一下GetInstances(EnumerationOptions options)重载版本的代码：
public ManagementObjectCollection GetInstances(EnumerationOptions options)
{
if ((null == Path) || (null == Path.Path) || (0 == Path.Path.Length))
throw new InvalidOperationException();
Initialize ( false );
IEnumWbemClassObject enumWbem = null;
EnumerationOptions o = (null == options) ? new EnumerationOptions() : (EnumerationOptions)options.Clone();
o.EnsureLocatable = false; o.PrototypeOnly = false;
SecurityHandler securityHandler = null;
int status = (int)ManagementStatus.NoError;
try
{
securityHandler = Scope.GetSecurityHandler();
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler(Scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateInstanceEnum_(ClassName,
o.Flags,
o.GetContext(),
ref enumWbem
);
}
finally
{
if (securityHandler != null)
securityHandler.Reset();
}
if (status < 0)
{
if ((status & 0xfffff000) == 0x80041000)
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo((ManagementStatus)status);
else
Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(status);
}
return new ManagementObjectCollection(Scope, o, enumWbem);
}2.Get()：
下面提供一下Get()重载版本的代码：
public ManagementObjectCollection Get()
{
Initialize ();
IEnumWbemClassObject ew = null;
SecurityHandler securityHandler = scope.GetSecurityHandler();
EnumerationOptions enumOptions = (EnumerationOptions)options.Clone();
int status = (int)ManagementStatus.NoError;
try
{
if ((query.GetType() == typeof(SelectQuery)) &&
(((SelectQuery)query).Condition == null) &&
(((SelectQuery)query).SelectedProperties == null) &&
(options.EnumerateDeep == true))
{
enumOptions.EnsureLocatable = false; enumOptions.PrototypeOnly = false;
if (((SelectQuery)query).IsSchemaQuery == false)
{
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler( scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateInstanceEnum_(
((SelectQuery)query).ClassName,
enumOptions.Flags,
enumOptions.GetContext(),
ref ew);
}
else
{
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler(scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateClassEnum_(((SelectQuery)query).ClassName,
enumOptions.Flags,
enumOptions.GetContext(),
ref ew );
}
}
else
{
enumOptions.EnumerateDeep = true;
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler(scope.GetIWbemServices() ).ExecQuery_(
query.QueryLanguage,
query.QueryString,
enumOptions.Flags,
enumOptions.GetContext(),
ref ew );
}
}
catch (COMException e)
{
//
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo(e);
}
finally
{
securityHandler.Reset();
}
if ((status & 0xfffff000) == 0x80041000)
{
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo((ManagementStatus)status);
}
else if ((status & 0x80000000) != 0)
{
Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(status);
}
return new ManagementObjectCollection(scope, options, ew);
}3.GetSubclasses（）：此方法存在四个重载版本
下面提供一下GetSubclasses(EnumerationOptions options)重载版本的代码：
public ManagementObjectCollection GetSubclasses(EnumerationOptions options)
{
if (null == Path)
throw new InvalidOperationException();
Initialize ( false ) ;
IEnumWbemClassObject enumWbem = null;
EnumerationOptions o = (null == options) ? new EnumerationOptions() : (EnumerationOptions)options.Clone();
o.EnsureLocatable = false; o.PrototypeOnly = false;
SecurityHandler securityHandler = null;
int status = (int)ManagementStatus.NoError;
try
{
securityHandler = Scope.GetSecurityHandler();
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler( Scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateClassEnum_(ClassName,
o.Flags,
o.GetContext(),
ref enumWbem);
}
finally
{
if (securityHandler != null)
securityHandler.Reset();
}
if (status < 0)
{
if ((status & 0xfffff000) == 0x80041000)
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo((ManagementStatus)status);
else
Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(status);
}
return new ManagementObjectCollection(Scope, o, enumWbem);
}以上是对ManagementClass类的部分谁明，此类型的所有公共静态成员都是线程安全的。不保证所有实例成员都是线程安全的。
二.ManagementClass类的部分应用：
////// 获得CPU编号 /// ///public string GetCpuid() { var cpuid = string.Empty; var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor"); var moc = mc.GetInstances(); foreach (var o in moc) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; cpuid = mo.Properties["ProcessorId"].Value.ToString(); } return cpuid; } /// /// 获取硬盘序列号 /// ///public string GetDiskSerialNumber() { //这种模式在插入一个U盘后可能会有不同的结果，如插入我的手机时 var hDid = string.Empty; var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_DiskDrive"); var moc = mc.GetInstances(); foreach (var o in moc) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; hDid = (string)mo.Properties["Model"].Value; //这名话解决有多个物理盘时产生的问题，只取第一个物理硬盘 break; } return hDid; } /// /// 获取网卡硬件地址 /// ///public string GetMacAddress() { var mac = ""; var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); var moc = mc.GetInstances(); foreach (var o in moc) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; if (!(bool) mo["IPEnabled"]) continue; mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString(); break; } return mac; } /// /// 获取IP地址 /// ///public string GetIpAddress() { var st = string.Empty; var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); var moc = mc.GetInstances(); foreach (var o in moc) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; if (!(bool) mo["IPEnabled"]) continue; var ar = (Array)(mo.Properties["IpAddress"].Value); st = ar.GetValue(0).ToString(); break; } return st; } /// /// 操作系统的登录用户名 /// ///public string GetUserName() { return Environment.UserName; } /// /// 获取计算机名 /// ///public string GetComputerName() { return Environment.MachineName; } /// /// 操作系统类型 /// ///public string GetSystemType() { var st = string.Empty; var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem"); var moc = mc.GetInstances(); foreach (var o in moc) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["SystemType"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// 物理内存 /// ///public string GetPhysicalMemory() { var st = string.Empty; var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem"); var moc = mc.GetInstances(); foreach (var o in moc) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["TotalPhysicalMemory"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// 显卡PNPDeviceID /// ///public string GetVideoPnpid() { var st = ""; var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_VideoController"); foreach (var o in mos.Get()) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["PNPDeviceID"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// 声卡PNPDeviceID /// ///public string GetSoundPnpid() { var st = string.Empty; var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_SoundDevice"); foreach (var o in mos.Get()) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["PNPDeviceID"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// CPU版本信息 /// ///public string GetCpuVersion() { var st = string.Empty; var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_Processor"); foreach (var o in mos.Get()) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["Version"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// CPU名称信息 /// ///public string GetCpuName() { var st = string.Empty; var driveId = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_Processor"); foreach (var o in driveId.Get()) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["Name"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// CPU制造厂商 /// ///public string GetCpuManufacturer() { var st = string.Empty; var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_Processor"); foreach (var o in mos.Get()) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["Manufacturer"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// 主板制造厂商 /// ///public string GetBoardManufacturer() { var query = new SelectQuery("Select * from Win32_BaseBoard"); var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher(query); var data = mos.Get().GetEnumerator(); data.MoveNext(); var board = data.Current; return board.GetPropertyValue("Manufacturer").ToString(); } /// /// 主板编号 /// ///public string GetBoardId() { var st = string.Empty; var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_BaseBoard"); foreach (var o in mos.Get()) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["SerialNumber"].ToString(); } return st; } /// /// 主板型号 /// ///public string GetBoardType() { var st = string.Empty; var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_BaseBoard"); foreach (var o in mos.Get()) { var mo = (ManagementObject) o; st = mo["Product"].ToString(); } return st; }
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