安装MySQL教程详解

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 本次主要是mysql-5.5.54 的安装

基础环境为：

                  centos 6.8 

 一、下载mysql-5.5.54 安装包

       创建软件存放目录

                    mkdir /home/softwares/

                    cd  /home/softwares/

                    wget  http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz

二、安装mysql 依赖包

                    yum install -y cmake;

                    yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ ;

                    yum install -y ncurses-devel.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y cmake.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y libaio.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y bison.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y gcc-c++.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Module-Build;

                    yum install -y libtool zilib-devel ;

                    yum install -y libaio.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Module-Pluggable.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Pod-Escapes.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Pod-Simple.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-libs.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-version.x86_64  ;

                    yum install –y openssl openssl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel;

            2、创建用户和组分区

                   groupadd mysql  

                   useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin

            3、解压mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz

                   tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.5.54/  && chmod +x *

            4、编译安装

cmake \ ##相当于config -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/u01/app/mysql/db \   ##数据库安装的目录 -DSYSCONFDIR=/u01/app/mysql/db/etc \       ##数据库安装的配置文件，不用原来的默认文件可以避免多次升级的时候读取错误的配置文件 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/u01/data/mysql/db/data \ ##数据库默认存放库表存放的位置 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \  -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/u01/app/mysql/db/mysql.sock \ ##本地通信日志 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

             make  install

           5、编写配置文件

                cd /u01/app/mysql/db/  &&  mkdir etc && cd etc

                mkdir etc

                vi my.cnf

cat my.cnf  [mysqld] #########data########### user=mysql basedir = /u01/app/mysql/db datadir = /u01/app/mysql/data innodb_log_group_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/engine/innolog innodb_log_file_size = 50M innodb_data_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/engine/innodata #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M;ibdata2:150M:autoextend innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend log-bin = /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql-binlog log-bin-index = /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql-bin.index binlog_cache_size = 32M max_binlog_size=512M binlog_format=row innodb_file_per_table=1 log-error = /u01/app/mysql/mysql-error.log pid-file = /u01/app/mysql/mysql.pid skip-name-resolve socket=/u01/app/mysql/mysql.sock ############pool######### #*******skip-innodb********* innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 64M innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M innodb_write_io_threads = 8 innodb_read_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 port=3306 server-id= 1 # *** global cache *** read_buffer_size = 32M read_rnd_buffer_size = 128M sort_buffer_size = 64M join_buffer_size = 64M # *** query cache *** query_cache_size = 128M query_cache_limit = 4M # *** bin log *** #log_slave_updates log_warnings ###########others######### #***transaction*** default-storage-engine = INNODB transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ # *** thread *** thread_cache_size = 16 thread_stack = 512K #*** network *** back_log = 512 #skip-networking max_connections = 3000 max_connect_errors = 30 table_open_cache = 4096 max_allowed_packet = 32M max_heap_table_size = 512M #*** char set *** character-set-server = utf8 #explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true # *** tmp table *** tmp_table_size = 128M # *** slow query log *** slow_query_log long_query_time = 10 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M [mysql] auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 12M sort_buffer_size = 12M read_buffer = 32M write_buffer = 32M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [client] socket=/u01/app/mysql/mysql.sock port=3306

           6、将mysql启动脚本脚本命令复制到/etc/init.d/

                cp /u01/app/mysql/db/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld && chmod +x                 /etc/init.d/mysqld

                chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

               

           7、根据my.cnf 创建目录他不会自动创建目录

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/engine/innolog

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/engine/innodata

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql-binlog

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/log/

               chown mysql. /u01/app/mysql/ -R

                cd /u01/app/mysql/db

          8、初始化语句数据库安装指定的目录，数据库默认存放目录

               ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/u01/app/mysql/db --datadir=/u01/app/mysql/data --user=mysql

           更改环境变量

            vim ~/.bash_profile

            PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/u01/app/mysql/db/bin/

            环境变量生效

             source ~/.bash_profile

            如果报错：

 /etc/init.d/mysqld start

 配置文件的问题

 Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/mysql.pid).

一般需要自己查询配置文件是否设置的参数过大或者过小，查看机器内存是否过小，如果都是可以的请删除除了db 文件之外的所有 然后重新创建目录

              ##########启动成功之后设置密码###########

                mysqladmin -uroot password "123456"

看了以上关于安装MySQL 教程详解，希望能给大家在实际运用中带来一定的帮助。本文由于篇幅有限，难免会有不足和需要补充的地方，如有需要更加专业的解答，可在官网联系我们的24小时售前售后，随时帮您解答问题的。

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