如何理解mysqldump备份

如何理解MySQLdump备份，很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。

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mysqldump备份

逻辑innodb备份mysql
标准备份
mysqldump -uroot -p123 --default-character-set=utf8 --single-transaction --extended-insert=false --hex-blob --master-data=2 --log-error=/tmp/test.err --routines --triggers --events --quick
--flush-logs --databases test1 t1 > test1.sql 

--quick  查询出来不放在buffer，直接输出
--extended-insert=false  导出insert语句是多行，并非 insert into t values (),();
--lock-all-tables 将myisam表锁住，保持表的一致性
--single-transaction  将innodb表锁住，保持表的一致性
--master-data=2  file和position的记录位置 ,2 代表注释
--databases 导出创建数据库的语句

恢复

mysql -uroot -p1234356 < czb.sql


恢复其他库


1、将备份里的创建数据语句删除
2、use ‘新库’
3、在mysql数据库创建新库
4、mysql -uroot -p123456 新库名 < czb.sql


binlog追加数据


根据--master-data 参数备份记录备份的位置，通过mysqlbinlog 查看


mysqlbinlog --start-position=3444  -d czb mysql-bin.000003 >a.sql


--start-position=3444 //3444这个值通过备份里的--master-data参数得到的


mysql -uroot -p123456
source a.sql


实验：




[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 25
Server version: 5.6.29-log Source distribution


Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| czb                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| t                  |
| test               |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> use czb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A


Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_czb      |
+--------------------+
| F_ORDERINFO_DETAIL |
| t                  |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --default-character-set=utf8 --single-transaction --extended-insert=false --hex-blob --master-data=2 --log-error=/tmp/test.err --routines --triggers --events --quick --flush-logs --databases czb t > test1.sql 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

[root@mysql_master backup]# ls
test1.sql
[root@mysql_master backup]#

以上备份完成



恢复到其他数据库：

[root@mysql_master backup]# vi test1.sql
#CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `czb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;
USE `back`;

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 27
Server version: 5.6.29-log Source distribution


Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> create database back;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)


mysql> 

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456 back < test1.sql 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
以上就是将czb库中的t表恢复到back库中

追备份后的增加的数据（通过binlog）
假如现在备份的表有新的数据插入了。
[root@mysql_master backup]# more test1.sql
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004', MASTER_LOG_POS=120;

[root@mysql_master data]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=120  -d czb /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000004 >a.sql



[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 31
Server version: 5.6.29-log Source distribution


Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> use back

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