unity3D中怎么实现摄像机抖动特效

今天就跟大家聊聊有关unity3D中怎么实现摄像机抖动特效，可能很多人都不太了解，为了让大家更加了解，小编给大家总结了以下内容，希望大家根据这篇文章可以有所收获。

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具体内容如下

摄像机抖动特效 在需要的地方调用CameraShake.Shake()方法就可以

public class CameraShake : MonoBehaviour { ///  /// The cameras to shake. ///  public List cameras   = new List(); ///  /// The maximum number of shakes to perform. ///  public int numberOfShakes   = 2; ///  /// The amount to shake in each direction. ///  public Vector3 shakeAmount   = Vector3.one; ///  /// The amount to rotate in each direction. ///  public Vector3 rotationAmount   = Vector3.one; ///  /// The initial distance for the first shake. ///  public float distance   = 00.10f; ///  /// The speed multiplier for the shake. ///  public float speed   = 50.00f; ///  /// The decay speed (between 0 and 1). Higher values will stop shaking sooner. ///  public float decay   = 00.20f; ///  /// The modifier applied to speed in order to shake the GUI. ///  public float guiShakeModifier   = 01.00f; ///  /// If true, multiplies the final shake speed by the time scale. ///  public bool multiplyByTimeScale   = true;  // Shake rect (for GUI) private Rect shakeRect;  // States private bool shaking   = false; private bool cancelling   = false;  internal class ShakeState { internal readonly Vector3 startPosition; internal readonly Quaternion startRotation; internal readonly Vector2 guiStartPosition; internal Vector3 shakePosition; internal Quaternion shakeRotation; internal Vector2 guiShakePosition;  internal ShakeState(Vector3 position, Quaternion rotation, Vector2 guiPosition) { startPosition = position; startRotation = rotation; guiStartPosition = guiPosition; shakePosition = position; shakeRotation = rotation; guiShakePosition = guiPosition; } } private Dictionary> states = new Dictionary>(); private Dictionary shakeCount  = new Dictionary();  // Minimum shake values private const bool checkForMinimumValues  = true; private const float minShakeValue  = 0.001f; private const float minRotationValue  = 0.001f;  #region Singleton ///  /// The Camera Shake singleton instance. ///  public static CameraShake instance;  private void OnEnable() { if (cameras.Count < 1) { if (camera)  cameras.Add(camera); }  if (cameras.Count < 1) { if (Camera.main)  cameras.Add(Camera.main); }  if (cameras.Count < 1) { Debug.LogError("Camera Shake: No cameras assigned in the inspector!"); } instance = this; } #endregion  #region Static properties public static bool isShaking { get { return instance.IsShaking(); } } public static bool isCancelling { get { return instance.IsCancelling(); } } #endregion  #region Static methods public static void Shake() { instance.DoShake(); }  public static void Shake(int numberOfShakes, Vector3 shakeAmount, Vector3 rotationAmount, float distance, float speed, float decay, float guiShakeModifier, bool multiplyByTimeScale) { instance.DoShake(numberOfShakes, shakeAmount, rotationAmount, distance, speed, decay, guiShakeModifier, multiplyByTimeScale); } public static void Shake(System.Action callback) { instance.DoShake(callback); }  public static void Shake(int numberOfShakes, Vector3 shakeAmount, Vector3 rotationAmount, float distance, float speed, float decay, float guiShakeModifier, bool multiplyByTimeScale, System.Action callback) { instance.DoShake(numberOfShakes, shakeAmount, rotationAmount, distance, speed, decay, guiShakeModifier, multiplyByTimeScale, callback); } public static void CancelShake() { instance.DoCancelShake(); } public static void CancelShake(float time) { instance.DoCancelShake(time); }  public static void BeginShakeGUI() { instance.DoBeginShakeGUI(); } public static void EndShakeGUI() { instance.DoEndShakeGUI(); }  public static void BeginShakeGUILayout() { instance.DoBeginShakeGUILayout(); }  public static void EndShakeGUILayout() { instance.DoEndShakeGUILayout(); } #endregion  #region Events ///  /// Occurs when a camera starts shaking. ///  public event System.Action cameraShakeStarted;  ///  /// Occurs when a camera has completely stopped shaking and has been reset to its original position. ///  public event System.Action allCameraShakesCompleted; #endregion  #region Public methods public bool IsShaking() {  return shaking; } public bool IsCancelling() { return cancelling; } public void DoShake() { Vector3 seed = Random.insideUnitSphere;  foreach(Camera cam in cameras) { StartCoroutine(DoShake_Internal(cam, seed, this.numberOfShakes, this.shakeAmount, this.rotationAmount, this.distance, this.speed, this.decay, this.guiShakeModifier, this.multiplyByTimeScale, null)); } } public void DoShake(int numberOfShakes, Vector3 shakeAmount, Vector3 rotationAmount, float distance, float speed, float decay, float guiShakeModifier, bool multiplyByTimeScale) { Vector3 seed = Random.insideUnitSphere;  foreach(Camera cam in cameras) { StartCoroutine(DoShake_Internal(cam, seed, numberOfShakes, shakeAmount, rotationAmount, distance, speed, decay, guiShakeModifier, multiplyByTimeScale, null)); } } public void DoShake(System.Action callback) { Vector3 seed = Random.insideUnitSphere;  foreach(Camera cam in cameras) { StartCoroutine(DoShake_Internal(cam, seed, this.numberOfShakes, this.shakeAmount, this.rotationAmount, this.distance, this.speed, this.decay, this.guiShakeModifier, this.multiplyByTimeScale, callback)); } } public void DoShake(int numberOfShakes, Vector3 shakeAmount, Vector3 rotationAmount, float distance, float speed, float decay, float guiShakeModifier, bool multiplyByTimeScale, System.Action callback) { Vector3 seed = Random.insideUnitSphere;  foreach(Camera cam in cameras) { StartCoroutine(DoShake_Internal(cam, seed, numberOfShakes, shakeAmount, rotationAmount, distance, speed, decay, guiShakeModifier, multiplyByTimeScale, callback)); } } public void DoCancelShake() { if (shaking && !cancelling) { shaking = false; this.StopAllCoroutines(); foreach(Camera cam in cameras) {  if (shakeCount.ContainsKey(cam))  {  shakeCount[cam] = 0;  }  ResetState(cam.transform, cam); } } } public void DoCancelShake(float time) { if (shaking && !cancelling) { this.StopAllCoroutines(); this.StartCoroutine(DoResetState(cameras, shakeCount, time)); } } public void DoBeginShakeGUI() { CheckShakeRect(); GUI.BeginGroup(shakeRect); } public void DoEndShakeGUI() { GUI.EndGroup(); }  public void DoBeginShakeGUILayout() { CheckShakeRect(); GUILayout.BeginArea(shakeRect); }  public void DoEndShakeGUILayout() { GUILayout.EndArea(); } #endregion  #region Private methods private void OnDrawGizmosSelected() {  foreach(Camera cam in cameras) { if (!cam)  continue;  if (IsShaking()) {  Vector3 offset = cam.worldToCameraMatrix.GetColumn(3);  offset.z *= -1;  offset = cam.transform.position + cam.transform.TransformPoint(offset);  Quaternion rot = QuaternionFromMatrix(cam.worldToCameraMatrix.inverse * Matrix4x4.TRS(Vector3.zero, Quaternion.identity, new Vector3(1,1,-1)));  Matrix4x4 matrix = Matrix4x4.TRS(offset, rot, cam.transform.lossyScale);  Gizmos.matrix = matrix;  } else {  Matrix4x4 matrix = Matrix4x4.TRS(cam.transform.position, cam.transform.rotation, cam.transform.lossyScale);  Gizmos.matrix = matrix; }  Gizmos.DrawWireCube(Vector3.zero, shakeAmount);  Gizmos.color = Color.cyan;  if (cam.isOrthoGraphic) {  Vector3 pos = new Vector3(0, 0, (cam.near + cam.far) / 2f);  Vector3 size = new Vector3(cam.orthographicSize / cam.aspect, cam.orthographicSize * 2f, cam.far - cam.near);  Gizmos.DrawWireCube(pos, size); } else {  Gizmos.DrawFrustum(Vector3.zero, cam.fov, cam.far, cam.near, (.7f / cam.aspect)); } } }  private IEnumerator DoShake_Internal(Camera cam, Vector3 seed, int numberOfShakes, Vector3 shakeAmount, Vector3 rotationAmount, float distance, float speed, float decay, float guiShakeModifier, bool multiplyByTimeScale, System.Action callback) { // Wait for async cancel operations to complete if (cancelling) yield return null;  // Set random values var mod1 = seed.x > .5f ? 1 : -1; var mod2 = seed.y > .5f ? 1 : -1; var mod3 = seed.z > .5f ? 1 : -1;  // First shake if (!shaking) { shaking = true;  if (cameraShakeStarted != null)  cameraShakeStarted(); }  if (shakeCount.ContainsKey(cam)) shakeCount[cam]++; else shakeCount.Add(cam, 1);  // Pixel width is always based on the first camera float pixelWidth = GetPixelWidth(cameras[0].transform, cameras[0]);  // Set other values Transform cachedTransform = cam.transform; Vector3 camOffset = Vector3.zero; Quaternion camRot = Quaternion.identity;  int currentShakes = numberOfShakes; float shakeDistance = distance; float rotationStrength = 1;  float startTime = Time.time; float scale = multiplyByTimeScale ? Time.timeScale : 1; float pixelScale = pixelWidth * guiShakeModifier * scale; Vector3 start1 = Vector2.zero; Quaternion startR = Quaternion.identity; Vector2 start2 = Vector2.zero;  ShakeState state = new ShakeState(cachedTransform.position, cachedTransform.rotation, new Vector2(shakeRect.x, shakeRect.y)); List stateList;  if (states.TryGetValue(cam, out stateList)) { stateList.Add(state); } else { stateList = new List(); stateList.Add(state); states.Add(cam, stateList); }  // Main loop while (currentShakes > 0) {  if (checkForMinimumValues) {  // Early break when rotation is less than the minimum value.  if (rotationAmount.sqrMagnitude != 0 && rotationStrength <= minRotationValue)  break;    // Early break when shake amount is less than the minimum value.  if (shakeAmount.sqrMagnitude != 0 && distance != 0 && shakeDistance <= minShakeValue)  break; }  var timer = (Time.time - startTime) * speed;  state.shakePosition = start1 + new Vector3(  mod1 * Mathf.Sin(timer) * (shakeAmount.x * shakeDistance * scale),   mod2 * Mathf.Cos(timer) * (shakeAmount.y * shakeDistance * scale),   mod3 * Mathf.Sin(timer) * (shakeAmount.z * shakeDistance * scale));  state.shakeRotation = startR * Quaternion.Euler(  mod1 * Mathf.Cos(timer) * (rotationAmount.x * rotationStrength * scale),   mod2 * Mathf.Sin(timer) * (rotationAmount.y * rotationStrength * scale),   mod3 * Mathf.Cos(timer) * (rotationAmount.z * rotationStrength * scale));  state.guiShakePosition = new Vector2(  start2.x - (mod1 * Mathf.Sin(timer) * (shakeAmount.x * shakeDistance * pixelScale)),  start2.y - (mod2 * Mathf.Cos(timer) * (shakeAmount.y * shakeDistance * pixelScale)));  camOffset = GetGeometricAvg(stateList, true); camRot = GetAvgRotation(stateList);  NormalizeQuaternion(ref camRot);  Matrix4x4 m = Matrix4x4.TRS(camOffset, camRot, new Vector3(1, 1, -1));    cam.worldToCameraMatrix = m * cachedTransform.worldToLocalMatrix;  var avg = GetGeometricAvg(stateList, false);  shakeRect.x = avg.x; shakeRect.y = avg.y;  if (timer > Mathf.PI * 2) {  startTime = Time.time;  shakeDistance *= (1 - Mathf.Clamp01(decay));  rotationStrength *= (1 - Mathf.Clamp01(decay));  currentShakes--; } yield return null; }  // End conditions  shakeCount[cam]--;  // Last shake if (shakeCount[cam] == 0) { shaking = false; ResetState(cam.transform, cam);  if (allCameraShakesCompleted != null) {  allCameraShakesCompleted(); } } else { stateList.Remove(state); }  if (callback != null) callback(); } private Vector3 GetGeometricAvg(List states, bool position) {  float x = 0, y = 0, z = 0, l = states.Count;  foreach(ShakeState state in states) { if (position) {  x -= state.shakePosition.x;  y -= state.shakePosition.y;  z -= state.shakePosition.z; } else {  x += state.guiShakePosition.x;  y += state.guiShakePosition.y; } }  return new Vector3(x / l, y / l, z / l); }  private Quaternion GetAvgRotation(List states) { Quaternion avg = new Quaternion(0,0,0,0);  foreach(ShakeState state in states) { if (Quaternion.Dot (state.shakeRotation, avg) > 0) {  avg.x += state.shakeRotation.x;  avg.y += state.shakeRotation.y;  avg.z += state.shakeRotation.z;  avg.w += state.shakeRotation.w; } else {  avg.x += -state.shakeRotation.x;  avg.y += -state.shakeRotation.y;  avg.z += -state.shakeRotation.z;  avg.w += -state.shakeRotation.w; } }  var mag = Mathf.Sqrt(avg.x* avg.x + avg.y* avg.y + avg.z * avg.z + avg.w * avg.w);  if (mag > 0.0001f) { avg.x /= mag; avg.y /= mag; avg.z /= mag; avg.w /= mag; } else { avg = states[0].shakeRotation; }  return avg; } private void CheckShakeRect() { if (Screen.width != shakeRect.width || Screen.height != shakeRect.height) {  shakeRect.width = Screen.width; shakeRect.height = Screen.height; } } private float GetPixelWidth(Transform cachedTransform, Camera cachedCamera) { var position = cachedTransform.position; var screenPos = cachedCamera.WorldToScreenPoint(position - cachedTransform.forward * .01f); var offset = Vector3.zero;  if (screenPos.x > 0) offset = screenPos - Vector3.right; else offset = screenPos + Vector3.right;  if (screenPos.y > 0) offset = screenPos - Vector3.up; else offset = screenPos + Vector3.up;  offset = cachedCamera.ScreenToWorldPoint(offset);  return 1f / (cachedTransform.InverseTransformPoint(position) - cachedTransform.InverseTransformPoint(offset)).magnitude; } private void ResetState(Transform cachedTransform, Camera cam) { cam.ResetWorldToCameraMatrix();  shakeRect.x = 0; shakeRect.y = 0;  states[cam].Clear(); } private List offsetCache = new List(10); private List rotationCache = new List(10); private IEnumerator DoResetState(List cameras, Dictionary shakeCount, float time) { offsetCache.Clear(); rotationCache.Clear();  foreach(Camera cam in cameras) { offsetCache.Add((Vector3)((cam.worldToCameraMatrix * cam.transform.worldToLocalMatrix.inverse).GetColumn(3))); rotationCache.Add(QuaternionFromMatrix((cam.worldToCameraMatrix * cam.transform.worldToLocalMatrix.inverse).inverse * Matrix4x4.TRS(Vector3.zero, Quaternion.identity, new Vector3(1,1,-1))));  if (shakeCount.ContainsKey(cam)) {  shakeCount[cam] = 0; } states[cam].Clear(); }  float t = 0; float x = shakeRect.x, y = shakeRect.y; cancelling = true; while (t < time) { int i = 0; foreach(Camera cam in cameras) {  Transform cachedTransform = cam.transform;   shakeRect.x = Mathf.Lerp(x, 0, t / time);  shakeRect.y = Mathf.Lerp(y, 0, t / time);   Vector3 pos = Vector3.Lerp(offsetCache[i], Vector3.zero, t / time);  Quaternion rot = Quaternion.Slerp(rotationCache[i], cachedTransform.rotation, t / time);  Matrix4x4 m = Matrix4x4.TRS(pos, rot, new Vector3(1, 1, -1));   cam.worldToCameraMatrix = m * cachedTransform.worldToLocalMatrix;  i++; } t += Time.deltaTime; yield return null; }  foreach(Camera cam in cameras) { cam.ResetWorldToCameraMatrix(); shakeRect.x = 0; shakeRect.y = 0; } this.shaking = false; this.cancelling = false; } #endregion  #region Quaternion helpers private static Quaternion QuaternionFromMatrix(Matrix4x4 m) { return Quaternion.LookRotation(m.GetColumn(2), m.GetColumn(1)); } private static void NormalizeQuaternion (ref Quaternion q)  { float sum = 0;   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) sum += q[i] * q[i];  float magnitudeInverse = 1 / Mathf.Sqrt(sum);  for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) q[i] *= magnitudeInverse; } #endregion }

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