修改Oracle默认监听端口
我们都知道，Oracle的监听默认端口是1521，但是如果系统上1521已经被占用或业务要求不用默认端口，则需要修改监听的默认端口。
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修改监听端口只需要修改配置文件listiner.ora，然后重启监听就行了。但是Oracle实例的PMON进程还是会去找监听1521端口的监听进程去注册，所以同时也需要修改数据库的配置。数据库里只需要在线修改LOCAL_LISTINER即可。
下面以11.2.0.4为例测试修改监听端口：
1、修改监听端口
#查看监听状态 [oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:16:24 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:16:16 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 8 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully #停止监听 [oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl stop LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:17:39 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521))) The command completed successfully #修改配置文件listener.ora，改监听端口为2521 LISTENER= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))) #启动监听 [oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:19:11 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production System parameter file is /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:19:11 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully
至此，监听端口已经修改完毕，这时Oracle实例是无法注册到此监听上的。
2、修改LOCAL_LISTINER参数
#修改参数 sys@ORCL>alter system set local_listener="(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = rhel6)(port = 2521))"; System altered. #查看监听状态 [oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:23:10 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:19:11 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 3 min. 59 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
修改完后，可以看到数据库实例立即注册到监听器上。
3、使用新端口进行测试连接
[c:\~]$ sqlplus zx/zx@192.168.56.2:2521/orcl SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on 星期六 1月 7 20:24:17 2017 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL>
修改监听端口完成。
4、把Oracle实例的注册端口改回1521
sys@ORCL>alter system set local_listener=''; System altered.
官方文档中还提供了另一种配置LOCAL_LISTINER的方法：
在tnsnames.ora中添加配置，然后配置LOCAL_LISTINER为tnsnames.ora中的名字即可
#配置tnsnames.ora [oracle@rhel6 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora listener1=(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.56.2 )(PORT = 2521)) #修改LOCAL_LISTINER参数 sys@ORCL>alter system set local_listener=listener1; System altered. #查看监听状态 [oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:34:01 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:31:28 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 33 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
另外还可以使用静态监听的方法来修改监听的端口，但是Oracle实例不是“主动”注册到监听器上的。
sys@ORCL>show parameter local_listener NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------ local_listener string #修改监听为静态监听 [oracle@rhel6 admin]$ vi listener.ora LISTENER= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))) SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl) (ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1) (SID_NAME=orcl)) #重启监听 [oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl stop LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:38:45 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) The command completed successfully [oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:38:51 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production System parameter file is /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:38:52 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
静态监听实例的状态为UNKNOWN，测试连接成功
[c:\~]$ sqlplus zx/zx@192.168.56.2:2521/orcl SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on 星期六 1月 7 20:40:03 2017 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL>
官方文档：
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/network.112/e41945/listenercfg.htm#NETAG1154
新闻名称：修改Oracle默认监听端口
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