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将MySql中的数据库导出到文件中 备份
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import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;
public class BeiFen {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 数据库导出
String user = "root"; // 数据库帐号
String password = "root"; // 登陆密码
String database = "test"; // 需要备份的数据库名
String filepath = "e:\\test.sql"; // 备份的路径地址
String stmt1 = "mysqldump " + database + " -u " + user + " -p"
+ password + " --result-file=" + filepath;
/*
* String mysql="mysqldump test -u root -proot
* --result-file=d:\\test.sql";
*/
try {
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(stmt1);
System.out.println("数据已导出到文件" + filepath + "中");
}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
将数据从磁盘上的文本文件还原到MySql中的数据库
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;
/*
* 还原MySql数据库
* */
public class Recover {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filepath = "d:\\test.sql"; // 备份的路径地址
//新建数据库test
String stmt1 = "mysqladmin -u root -proot create test";
String stmt2 = "mysql -u root -proot test " + filepath;
String[] cmd = { "cmd", "/c", stmt2 };
try {
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(stmt1);
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
System.out.println("数据已从 " + filepath + " 导入到数据库中");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
MySQL的一些前台工具是有备份恢复功能的,可是如何在我们的应用程序中实现这一功能呢?本文提供了示例代码来说明如何使用Java代码实现MySQL数据库的备份恢复。
本次实现是使用了MySQL数据库本身提供的备份命令mysqldump和恢复命令mysql,在java代码中通过从命令行调用这两条命令来实现备份和恢复。备份和恢复所使用的文件都是sql文件。
本代码是参照网上某网友提供的源码完成的。
[java] view plaincopy
package xxx.utils;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
/**
* MySQL数据库的备份与恢复 缺陷:可能会被杀毒软件拦截
*
* @author xxx
* @version xxx
*/
public class DatabaseBackup {
/** MySQL安装目录的Bin目录的绝对路径 */
private String mysqlBinPath;
/** 访问MySQL数据库的用户名 */
private String username;
/** 访问MySQL数据库的密码 */
private String password;
public String getMysqlBinPath() {
return mysqlBinPath;
}
public void setMysqlBinPath(String mysqlBinPath) {
this.mysqlBinPath = mysqlBinPath;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public DatabaseBackup(String mysqlBinPath, String username, String password) {
if (!mysqlBinPath.endsWith(File.separator)) {
mysqlBinPath = mysqlBinPath + File.separator;
}
this.mysqlBinPath = mysqlBinPath;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
/**
* 备份数据库
*
* @param output
* 输出流
* @param dbname
* 要备份的数据库名
*/
public void backup(OutputStream output, String dbname) {
String command = "cmd /c " + mysqlBinPath + "mysqldump -u" + username
+ " -p" + password + " --set-charset=utf8 " + dbname;
PrintWriter p = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
p = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(output, "utf8"));
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(process
.getInputStream(), "utf8");
reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
p.println(line);
}
p.flush();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
if (p != null) {
p.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 备份数据库,如果指定路径的文件不存在会自动生成
*
* @param dest
* 备份文件的路径
* @param dbname
* 要备份的数据库
*/
public void backup(String dest, String dbname) {
try {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dest);
backup(out, dbname);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 恢复数据库
*
* @param input
* 输入流
* @param dbname
* 数据库名
*/
public void restore(InputStream input, String dbname) {
String command = "cmd /c " + mysqlBinPath + "mysql -u" + username
+ " -p" + password + " " + dbname;
try {
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
OutputStream out = process.getOutputStream();
String line = null;
String outStr = null;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input,
"utf8"));
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line + "/r/n");
}
outStr = sb.toString();
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(out, "utf8");
writer.write(outStr);
writer.flush();
out.close();
br.close();
writer.close();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 恢复数据库
*
* @param dest
* 备份文件的路径
* @param dbname
* 数据库名
*/
public void restore(String dest, String dbname) {
try {
InputStream input = new FileInputStream(dest);
restore(input, dbname);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration config = HibernateSessionFactory.getConfiguration();
String binPath = config.getProperty("mysql.binpath");
String userName = config.getProperty("connection.username");
String pwd = config.getProperty("connection.password");
DatabaseBackup bak = new DatabaseBackup(binPath, userName, pwd);
bak.backup("c:/ttt.sql", "ttt");
bak.restore("c:/ttt.sql", "ttt");
}
}
最后的main方法只是一个简单的使用方法的示例代码。
本人所做的项目是使用了hibernate的,而这里需要提供MySQL的bin路径和用户名、密码,而hibernate.cfg.xml中本身就是需要配置数据库的用户名和密码,所以我把MySQL的bin路径也直接配置到了这个文件里面,也不需要创建专门的配置文件,不需要写读取配置文件的接口了。
如果不明白,可以去看hibernate.cfg.xml的说明,里面是可以配置其他的property的
首先,设置mysql的环境变量(在path中添加%MYSQL_HOME%\bin),重启电脑。
完整代码:
备份:
public static void main(String[] args) {
backup();
load();
}
public static void backup() {
try {
Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
// 调用 mysql 的 cmd:
Process child = rt
.exec("mysqldump -u root --set-charset=utf8 bjse act_obj");// 设置导出编码为utf8。这里必须是utf8
// 把进程执行中的控制台输出信息写入.sql文件,即生成了备份文件。注:如果不对控制台信息进行读出,则会导致进程堵塞无法运行
InputStream in = child.getInputStream();// 控制台的输出信息作为输入流
InputStreamReader xx = new InputStreamReader(in, "utf8");// 设置输出流编码为utf8。这里必须是utf8,否则从流中读入的是乱码
String inStr;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
String outStr;
// 组合控制台输出信息字符串
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(xx);
while ((inStr = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(inStr + "\r\n");
}
outStr = sb.toString();
// 要用来做导入用的sql目标文件:
FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(
"e:/mysql-5.0.27-win32/bin/bjse22.sql");
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(fout, "utf8");
writer.write(outStr);
// 注:这里如果用缓冲方式写入文件的话,会导致中文乱码,用flush()方法则可以避免
writer.flush();
// 别忘记关闭输入输出流
in.close();
xx.close();
br.close();
writer.close();
fout.close();
System.out.println("");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void load() {
try {
String fPath = "e:/mysql-5.0.27-win32/bin/bjse22.sql";
Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
// 调用 mysql 的 cmd:
Process child = rt.exec("mysql -u root bjse ");
OutputStream out = child.getOutputStream();//控制台的输入信息作为输出流
String inStr;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
String outStr;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
new FileInputStream(fPath), "utf8"));
while ((inStr = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(inStr + "\r\n");
}
outStr = sb.toString();
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(out, "utf8");
writer.write(outStr);
// 注:这里如果用缓冲方式写入文件的话,会导致中文乱码,用flush()方法则可以避免
writer.flush();
// 别忘记关闭输入输出流
out.close();
br.close();
writer.close();
System.out.println("");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
备份语句:
mysql SELECT * INTO OUTFILE "D:\\data\\db_testtemp.txt" fields terminated by ',
' from db_testtemp where std_state='1';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql SELECT * INTO OUTFILE "D:\\data\\db_testtemp.txt" fields terminated by ',
' from db_testtemp ;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
只生成一个只有数据的.txt:SELECT * INTO OUTFILE "D:\\data\\db_testtemp.txt" fields terminated by ',' lines terminated by '\r\n' from db_testtemp ;
只生成一个只有数据的.txt:mysqldump -uroot -pncae2010 -w "std_state='1'" -T D:\data --no-create-info --fields-terminated-by=, exam db_testtemp
生成一个创建数据库语句的.sql,一个只有数据的.txt:mysqldump -uroot -pncae2010 -w "std_state='1'" -T D:\data --fields-terminated-by=, exam db_testtemp
只生成insert语句:mysqldump -uroot -pncae2010 -w "std_state='1'" -t exam db_testtemp D:\data\a.sql
import java.io.*;
public class MyCopy {
public static void main(String args[]){
try {
MyCopy j = new MyCopy(); j.CopyFile(new File(args[0]),new File(args[1]));
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void CopyFile(File in, File out) throws Exception {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(in);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(out);
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int i = 0;
while((i=fis.read(buf))!=-1) {
fos.write(buf, 0, i);
}
fis.close();
fos.close();
}
}
// 程序运行时的命令语法为:
// javac MyCopy.java (sourcefile) (destfile)
// java MyCopy.java c:\1.txt d:\1.txt
// 当然前提c盘1.txt 已存在。