基于CentOS构建高性能的LAMP平台
大纲:
一、系统 安装
二、编译安装基本环境
三、配置虚拟主机及基本性能调优
四、基本安全设置
五、附录及相关介绍
一、系统安装
1. 分区
/boot 100M左右
SWAP物理内存 的2倍(如果你的物理内存大于4G以上，分配4G即可)
/ 15G
/usr/local 20G (用于安装软件 )
/data 剩余所有空间
2. 系统初始化脚本 (根据具体需求关闭不需要的服务 )
#vi init.sh
-------------------cut begin-------------------------------------------
#welcome
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| === Welcome to Centos System init === |
+--------------http://www.linuxtone.org------------------------+
+----------------------Author:NetSeek--------------------------+
EOF
#disable ipv6
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| === Welcome to Disable IPV6 === |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
EOF
echo "alias net-pf-10 off" >> /etc/ mod probe.conf
echo "alias ipv6 off" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
/sbin/chkconfig --level 35 ip6tables off
echo "ipv6 is disabled!"
#disable selinux
sed -i \'/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/\' /etc/selinux/config
echo "selinux is disabled,you must reboot!"
#vim
sed -i "8 s/^/alias vi=\'vim\'/" /root/.bashrc
echo \'syntax on\' > /root/.vimrc
#zh_cn
sed -i -e \'s/^LANG=.*/LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"/\' /etc/sysconfig/i18n
#tunoff services
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| === Welcome to Tunoff services === |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
EOF
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
for i in `ls /etc/rc3.d/S*`
do
CURSRV=`echo $i|cut -c 15-`
echo $CURSRV
case $CURSRV in
crond | irqbalance | microcode_ctl | network | random | sendmail | ssh d | syslog | local | mysql d )
echo "Base services, Skip!"
;;
*)
echo "change $CURSRV to off"
chkconfig --level 235 $CURSRV off
service $CURSRV stop
;;
esac
done
-------------------cut end-------------------------------------------
#sh init.sh (执行上面保存的脚本，仍后重启)
-------------------cut begin-------------------------------------------
#welcome
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| === Welcome to Centos System init === |
+--------------http://www.linuxtone.org------------------------+
+----------------------Author:NetSeek--------------------------+
EOF
#disable ipv6
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| === Welcome to Disable IPV6 === |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
EOF
echo "alias net-pf-10 off" >> /etc/ mod probe.conf
echo "alias ipv6 off" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
/sbin/chkconfig --level 35 ip6tables off
echo "ipv6 is disabled!"
#disable selinux
sed -i \'/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/\' /etc/selinux/config
echo "selinux is disabled,you must reboot!"
#vim
sed -i "8 s/^/alias vi=\'vim\'/" /root/.bashrc
echo \'syntax on\' > /root/.vimrc
#zh_cn
sed -i -e \'s/^LANG=.*/LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"/\' /etc/sysconfig/i18n
#tunoff services
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| === Welcome to Tunoff services === |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
EOF
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
for i in `ls /etc/rc3.d/S*`
do
CURSRV=`echo $i|cut -c 15-`
echo $CURSRV
case $CURSRV in
crond | irqbalance | microcode_ctl | network | random | sendmail | ssh d | syslog | local | mysql d )
echo "Base services, Skip!"
;;
*)
echo "change $CURSRV to off"
chkconfig --level 235 $CURSRV off
service $CURSRV stop
;;
esac
done
-------------------cut end-------------------------------------------
#sh init.sh (执行上面保存的脚本，仍后重启)
1. 安装准备
1) 系统约定
软件源代码包存放位置 /usr/local/src
源码包编译安装位置(prefix) /usr/local/software_name
脚本以及维护程序 存放位置 /usr/local/sbin
MySQL 数据库 位置 /data/mysql/data（可按情况设置）
Apache 网站根目录 /data/www/wwwroot（可按情况设置）
Apache 虚拟主机日志 根目录 /data/www/logs（可按情况设置）
Apache 运行 账
2) 系统环境部署及调整
检查系统是否正常
# tail -n100 /var/log/messages （检查有无系统级错误信息）
# dmesg （检查硬件设备是否有错误信息）
# ifconfig（检查网卡设置是否正确）
# ping www.linuxtone.org （检查网络 是否正常）
3) 使用 yum 程序安装所需开发 包（以下为标准的 RPM 包名称）
#rpm --importhttp://mirror.centos .org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#yum install ntp vim-enhanced gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-devel
ncurses-devel zlib-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel libXpm-devel
gettext-develpam-devel kernel
4) 定时校正服务器 时钟，定时与中国 国家授时中心授时服务器同步
# crontab -e
加入一行：
15 3 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 210.72.145.44 > /dev/null 2>&1
2. 编译安装软件包
源码编译安装所需包(Source)
1) GD2
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar xvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
# cd gd-2.0.35
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd2
# make
# make install
2) LibXML2
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar xvf libxml2-2.6.29.tar.bz2
# cd libxml2-2.6.29
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
# make
# make install
3) LibMcrypt
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar xvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
# make
# make install
4) Apache日志截断程序
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar xvf cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz
# cd cronolog-1.6.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cronolog
# make
# make install
3. 升级OpenSSL和OpenSSH
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar xvf openssl-0.9.8g.tar.gz
# cd openssl-0.9.8g
# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
# make
# make test
# make install
# cd ..
# tar xvf openssh-5.0p1.tar.gz
# cdopenssh-5.0p1
# ./configure
"--prefix=/usr"
"--with-pam"
"--with-zlib"
"--sysconfdir=/etc/ssh"
"--with-ssl-dir=/usr/local/openssl"
"--with-md5-passwords"
# make
# make install
1) 禁用 SSH V1 协议
找到#Protocol 2,1改为：Protocol 2
2) 禁用服务器端GSSAPI
找到以下两行，并将它们注释：
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
3) 禁用 DNS 名称解析
找到：#UseDNS yeas改为：UseDNS no
4)禁用客户端 GSSAPI
# vi /etc/ssh/ssh_config 找到：GSSAPIAuthentication yes 将这行注释掉。
最后，确认修改正确后重新启动 SSH 服务
# service sshd restart
# ssh -v
确认 OpenSSH 以及 OpenSSL 版本正确。
以上SSH配置可利用以下脚本自动修改:
-------------------cut begin-------------------------------------------
#init_ssh
ssh_cf="/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
sed -i -e \'74 s/^/#/\' -i -e \'76 s/^/#/\' $ssh_cf
sed -i "s/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/" $ssh_cf
#client
sed -i -e \'44 s/^/#/\' -i -e \'48 s/^/#/\' $ssh_cf
echo "ssh is init is ok.............."
-------------------cut end---------------------------------------------
#init_ssh
ssh_cf="/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
sed -i -e \'74 s/^/#/\' -i -e \'76 s/^/#/\' $ssh_cf
sed -i "s/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/" $ssh_cf
#client
sed -i -e \'44 s/^/#/\' -i -e \'48 s/^/#/\' $ssh_cf
echo "ssh is init is ok.............."
-------------------cut end---------------------------------------------
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